Civic and Citizenship Education in Volatile Times by Kerry J Kennedy

Author:Kerry J Kennedy
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9789811363863
Publisher: Springer Singapore

Cluster 2: ‘Conventional participators’ will emphasize voting behavior and are likely to reject illegal protest.

Cluster 3: ‘Radical participators’ favor illegal protests and are less inclined to vote.

Cluster 4: ‘Minimal participators’ have the lowest intention to engage in any civic activities (Based on Chow & Kennedy, 2015, p. 485).

These four groups were identified in each of the societies being studied although the pattern of group membership was not consistent across groups. In Korea, for example, the majority of students were grouped as radical participators (39.2%), but there was also a sizable number in the minimal participators group (35.3%). In Hong Kong, on the other hand, conventional participators predominated (34.5%) followed by minimal participators (33.8%). Another feature that merged was the dominance of active participators in Indonesia (43.5% and Thailand (30.2%) compared to East Asian societies (Taiwan (11.8%), Hong Kong (8.6%) and Korea (10.6%). The general picture, therefore, was one of heterogeneity both with and across societies.

There are a number of key points to make about these results:1.Diversity rather than uniformity characterizes these students’ intentions to participate’ in the future.

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